Access control systems regulate entry and exit, ensuring authorized access to facilities. Credentials like clamshell cards, keyfobs, and mobile credentials authenticate users. Panel devices include access control panels and their enclosures. Readers, which can be biometric or proximity-based, interpret credentials. Software and licenses manage the system's operation, and card printing includes printers and supplies for creating access cards. Request to Exit (RTE) devices, such as buttons and motion sensors, provide secure exit mechanisms. These systems are pivotal in maintaining controlled environments.